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. 2022 Nov 24;13:988047. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.988047

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Copyright © 2022 Zhong, Chen, Zhao, Deng, Li, Xie, Zhou, Xian, Li, Luo and Li.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Volcano plots and heatmap of DEGs. (A) Volcano plots of GSE45885, (B) volcano plots of GSE45887. The x-axis label represents log2FoldChange and the y-axis label represents–log10 (adjusted p-value). Data points in red represent upregulated, and green represent downregulated genes. No significantly changed genes are marked as gray points. Heatmap of the top 40 DEGs screened by limma package in R software. (C) Heatmap of GSE45885, (D) heatmap of GSE45887. Red areas represent highly expressed genes and blue areas represent lowly expressed genes in NOA. Darker color indicates the higher multiple of DEGs. DEGs: differentially expressed genes; NOA: non-obstructive azoospermia.