Table 2.
Association of infectious and non-infectious manifestations of PADs with inflammatory arthritis.
| Phenotypes | Arthritis N=44 |
No arthritis N=224 |
OR (95% CI) | P value | q |
| Recurrent upper RTIs, n (%) | 42 (95.45) | 180 (80.36) | 5.13 (1.39 to 22.22) | 0.0148* | 0.0622 |
| Recurrent lower RTIs, n (%) | 34 (72.27) | 145 (64.73) | 1.85 (0.90 to 3.76) | 0.1178 (ns) | 0.3298 |
| Bronchiectasis, n (%) | 12 (27.27) | 44 (19.64) | 1.53 (0.74 to 3.16) | 0.3096 (ns) | 0.5201 |
| GLILD, n (%) | 4 (9.09) | 19 (8.48) | 1.08 (0.38 to 3.07) | 1.0000 (ns) | 0.8842 |
| Granulomatous disease, n (%) | 6 (13.64) | 22 (9.82) | 1.45 (0.57 to 3.66) | 0.4256 (ns) | 0.5958 |
| Lymphadenopathy, n (%) | 20 (45.45) | 96 (42.86) | 1.11 (0.59 to 2.15) | 0.8680 (ns) | 0.8578 |
| Splenomegaly, n (%) | 12 (27.27) | 13 (5.80) | 6.09 (2.66 to 13.95) | 0.0001**** | 0.0008 |
| Autoimmune phenomena, n (%) | 19 (43.18) | 99 (44.20) | 0.96 (0.51 to 1.85) | 1.0000 (ns) | 0.8842 |
| Autoimmune cytopenia, n (%) | 9 (20.45) | 36 (15.18) | 1.34 (0.59 to 3.03) | 0.3745 (ns) | 0.5720 |
| ITP, n (%) | 9 (20.45) | 28 (12.5) | 1.80 (0.75 to 4.04) | 0.1594 (ns) | 0.3826 |
| AIHA, n (%) | 1 (2.27) | 14 (6.25) | 0.35 (0.003 to 2.25) | 0.4780 (ns) | 0.6177 |
| Psoriasis, n (%) | 4 (9.09) | 9 (20.45) | 2.39 (0.78 to 8.13) | 0.2383 (ns) | 0.4448 |
| Vitiligo, n (%) | 3 (6.82) | 7 (3.13) | 2.27 (0.62 to 8.67) | 0.2151 (ns) | 0.4448 |
| Atopic disease, n (%) | 16 (36.36) | 33 (14.73) | 3.31 (1.62 to 6.77) | 0.0021** | 0.0118 |
| Thyreoidopathy, n (%) | 6 (13.64) | 13 (5.80) | 2.56 (0.92 to 6.96) | 0.0992 (ns) | 0.3298 |
| Enteropathies, n (%) | 33 (75) | 41 (18.30) | 13.39 (6.32 to 28.87) | 0.0001**** | 0.0008 |
| Atrophic gastritis, n (%) | 2 (4.55) | 6 (2.68) | 1.73 (0.34 to 7.16) | 0.6217 (ns) | 0.6963 |
| Recurrent GI infections, n (%) | 7 (15.91) | 43 (19.20) | 0.80 (0.31 to 1.82) | 0.6784 (ns) | 0.7123 |
| Malignancy, n (%) | 6 (13.64) | 24 (10.71) | 1.32 (0.52 to 3.26) | 0.6012 (ns) | 0.6963 |
*P<0.05, **P<0.01, ****P<0.0001.
P values were adjusted for Benjamini-Hochberg FDR, selected threshold of 5% meaning p values <0.0089 were considered ‘discoveries’ (marked with bold characters).
AIHA, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia; GI, gastrointestinal; GLILD, granulomatous and lymphocytic interstitial lung disease; ITP, immune thrombocytopenic purpura; ns, non-significant; PAD, primary antibody deficiency; RTI, respiratory tract infection.