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The effect of intestinal flora dysbiosis in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Intestinal flora dysbiosis causes increased intestinal permeability, intestinal lymphocyte homing, and entry of bacteria and their metabolites (i.e. pathogen-associated molecular patterns) into the liver. It also impairs normal bile acid metabolism and promotes bile duct inflammation and fibrosis. PAMPs: Pathogen-associated molecular patterns. By Figdraw, www.figdraw.com.
