Table 2.

Percentage of antibiotics’ sensitivity toward different bacteria in Hospital “A” before and after the implementation of Antimicrobial Stewardship Program

Bacteria	Number of cultures			Percentage of sensitive cultures for each antibiotic				P-value to compare between pre and one year after	P-value to compare between one year and two years after
	One year before application of AMS program	One year after application of AMS program	Two year after application of AMS program	One year before application of AMS program	One year after application of AMS program	Two year after application of AMS program
E. coli	456	355	324	Piperacillin/tazobactam				0.632	0.461
				80	82	85
				Cefuroxime				–	0.477
				48	48	50
				Ceftazidime				0.7	0.705
				48	49	50
				Ertapenem				< 0.001	< 0.001
				93	69	94
				Imipenem				< 0.001	< 0.001
				93	69	94
				Gentamycin				0.002	0.709
				69	79	77
				Amikacin				0.077	0.18
				97	99	97
				Ciprofloxacin				1	1
				53	54	53
				Tigecycline				0.405	–
				95	97	97
				TMP/SMX				1	0.74
				41	43	45
Klebsiella pneumonia	140	75	88	Piperacillin/tazobactam				0.442	0.542
				63	68	76
				Cefuroxime				0.627	–
				45	51	51
				Ceftazidime				0.755	0.864
				42	48	51
				Ertapenem				< 0.001	< 0.001
				79	84	86
				Imipenem				1	0.815
				79	84	86
				Gentamycin				0.229	0.152
				75	64	76
				Amikacin				0.581	0.774
				92	89	91
				Ciprofloxacin				0.006	0.458
				47	73	69
				Tigecycline				0.405	–
				81	84	90
				TMP/SMX				0.533	0.652
				56	57	51
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	95	41	51	Piperacillin/tazobactam				0.629	0.07
				75	80	94
				Ceftazidime				–	0.774
				78	78	84
				Imipenem				1	0.092
				62	71	82
				Gentamycin				–	0.424
				73	73	86
				Amikacin				0.774	0.754
				84	83	88
				Ciprofloxacin				0.096	0.503
				67	56	69
Acinetobacter	65	20	26	Tigecycline				0.227	0.388
				69	50	65
Enterobacter	33	20	12	Piperacillin/tazobactam				0.549
				54	60	100
				Cefuroxime				0.18	0.18
				36	50	83
				Ceftazidime				0.289	0.219
				36	50	83
				Ertapenem				1	0.375
				72	75	99
				Imipenem				1	0.625
				72	75	99
				Gentamycin				0.289	0.625
				63	80	99
				Ciprofloxacin				0.344	1
				54	80	75
				TMP/SMX ( Trimethoprim / Sulfamethoxazole)				0.004	0.375
				27	65	50
Proetus mirabilis	30	21	15	Cefuroxime				0.727	1
				73	76	67
				Piperacillin/tazobactam				0.549	1
				54	60	100
				Ceftazidime				1	1
				73	76	67
				Imipenem				1	1
				6	10	13
				Gentamycin				0.727	0.462
				53	57	60
				Amikacin				0.625	1
				93	86	93
				Ciprofloxacin				0.581	1
				50	62	76
				TMP-SMX				1	1
				36	43	47
S. aureus	97	81	80	Oxacillin				0.337	0.87
				39	31	29
				Piperacillin/tazobactam					0.86
					31	29
				Gentamycin				0.458	0.071
				87	88	85
				Ciprofloxacin				0.093	0.004
				72	79	64
				TMP-SMX ( Trimethoprim / Sulfamethoxazole)				0.629	0.815
				88	77	94
				Clindamycin				0.487	1
				61	65	66
				Rifampin				0.388	0.549
				91	95	91
E. faecalis	48	30	30	Ciprofloxacin				0.087	–
				54	60	60
				Vancomycin				0.002	0.871
				87	93	100
				Teicoplanin				< 0.001	0.851
				87	93	100
E. faecium	22	2	10	Ciprofloxacin				1	1
				18	50	36
Strep. Viridians	25	15	11	Ciprofloxacin				0.727	1
				60	70	80
				Piperacillin/tazobactam				–	1
					75	80
Total number of cases with improved antibiotics’ sensitivity				When comparing 1 year before AMS and 1 year after: 6			When comparing 1 year after and 2 years after AMS: 3
Total number of cases with decreased antibiotics’ sensitivity				When comparing 1 year before AMS and 1 year after: 2			When comparing 1 year after and 2 years after AMS: 1

Statistically significant values are shown in bold