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. 2022 Dec 8;22:574. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02632-1

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — a Bar charts showing the means and standard deviations of the percentage change of fluid flow rate from baseline obtained from that in the smear layer-covered dentin recorded with different adhesives and application either with or without iontophoresis. b Linear regression analyses comparing the percentage changes of fluid flow after bond associated with that obtained after composite restoration. SE = Clearfil SE Bond; SBMP = Scotchbond Multi-Purpose; SEi = Clearfil SE Bond applied with iontophoresis; SBMPi = Scotchbond Multi-Purpose applied with iontophoresis. P < 0.05 indicates statistical significance