Table 1.

Concentration of SCFAs (μmol/g) in cecal content of male and female C57Bl/6 mice fed a control diet or high-fat diet supplemented with milk or different kefir preparations for 8 weeks.

SCFA (μmol/g)	LFD	HFD	CFK	HK	PK1
Female
Acetate	23.64 ± 1.56***	11.54 ± 1.68	13.17 ± 5.92	13.46 ± 3.58	12.14 ± 3.35
Propionate	12.39 ± 1.30***	7.35 ± 0.90	7.46 ± 2.42	8.04 ± 2.33	6.97 ± 1.58
Butyrate	6.08 ± 1.32***	1.67 ± 0.56	1.98 ± 1.73	2.13 ± 0.85	1.45 ± 0.84
Total SCFAs	42.92 ± 2.96***	20.9 ± 2.06	23.05 ± 10.16	24.04 ± 6.03	20.87 ± 5.14
Male
Acetate	16.84 ± 5.31#	11.73 ± 1.23	12.63 ± 1.93	12.74 ± 2.71	13.87 ± 2.6
Propionate	10.29 ± 3.03	9.67 ± 0.89	9.08 ± 1.66	9.27 ± 1.35	11.23 ± 1.99
Butyrate	6.77 ± 1.34***	1.24 ± 0.26	1.54 ± 0.29	1.12 ± 0.25	1.33 ± 0.15
Total SCFAs	34.6 ± 8.76**	23.23 ± 1.89	23.71 ± 3.39	23.61 ± 3.73	27.07 ± 4.35

Data are expressed as mean values with their standard errors (n = 7–8). **Indicates a significantly different value from HFD (p < 0.01), ***indicates p < 0.001. LFD, mice fed a low-fat diet supplemented with freeze-dried milk for 8 weeks; HFD, mice fed a high fat diet supplemented with freeze-dried milk for 8 weeks; PK1, mice fed a high fat diet supplemented with freeze-dried pitched kefir for 8 weeks; CFK, mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with freeze-dried cell-free kefir; HK, mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented freeze-dried heat-treated kefir.