Table 3. Gene Expression of iNOS, Nnos, COX-2, IL-1, IL-10, and TNF-α Detected in the Mice Hind Paw Treated with Either Tadalafil, Indomethacin, Morphine, or the Vehiclea,b.
| vehicle | indomethacin | morphine | tadalafil | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| iNOS | 0.200 ± 0.023 | 0.070 ± 0.018c | 0.365 ± 0.075c | 0.057 ± 0.005c |
| nNOS | 0.668 ± 0.117 | 0.503 ± 0.175 | 0.460 ± 0.160 | 0.688 ± 0.355 |
| COX-2 | 1.952 ± 0.355 | 0.170 ± 0.027c | 1.899 ± 0.889 | 0.190 ± 0.009c |
| IL-1 | 0.557 ± 0.055 | 0.410 ± 0.302 | 0.565 ± 0.259 | 0.228 ± 0.083 |
| IL-10 | 0.323 ± 0.015 | 0.500 ± 0.092 | 0.305 ± 0.087 | 0.36 ± 0.265 |
| TNF-α | 1.342 ± 0.120 | 1.060 ± 0.283 | 0.890 ± 0.167c | 0.594 ± 0.105c |
a
Relative mRNA expression levels were expressed as mean±SD (n = 5).
b
The ANOVA test was used to compare the means with the control (vehicle).
c
Denotes significant difference from the vehicle at p < 0.05.