TABLE 1.

The insulin profiles of β‐cell spheroids in static culture was measured by GSIS (n = 3; error = STDV)

	Insulin secretion profile
Cell type	Basal	Acute	SI [–]	Reference
1.1B4	0.09 ± 0.07 pg (spheroid h)–1 0.019 ± 0.015 ng mL–1	0.4 ± 0.6 pg (spheroid h)–1 0.08 ± 0.11 ng mL–1	1 ± 2	This study
	0.18 ng mL–1	0.35 ng mL–1	2	[22]
INS‐1	3.8 ± 1.7 pg (spheroid h)–1 0.8 ± 0.3 ng mL–1	91 ± 8 pg (spheroid h)–1 18.1 ± 1.5 ng mL–1	23.5 ± 0.5	This study
	20 ng mL–1	40 ng mL–1	2	[23]
MIN6	13 ± 3 pg (spheroid h)–1 7.4 ± 0.3 ng mL–1	200 ± 12 pg (spheroid h)–1 40 ± 2 ng mL–1	5.36 ± 0.10	This study
	2.5 ng mL–1	6.25 ng mL–1	2.5	[61]

It is difficult to compare insulin secretion rates with other publications because the culture conditions and methods vary greatly, and insulin secretion is not normalized per spheroid or cell. Nevertheless, we confirmed a comparable trend of improved functionality due to 3D cultivation. 1.1B4, a cell line formed by the electrofusion of primary human pancreatic islets and PANC‐1 cells; INS‐1, rat insulinoma‐1 cell line; MIN6, mouse insulinoma‐6 cell line; SI, insulin stimulation index; STDV, standard deviations.