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. 2021 Nov 7;22(12):744–759. doi: 10.1002/elsc.202100081

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© 2021 The Authors. Engineering in Life Sciences published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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3D‐printed microfluidic inertial focusing device for bacteria separation (A) Schematic of the 3D‐printed spiral‐shaped inertial focusing device. Bacteria and antibody‐modified magnetic nanoparticle clusters (MNC) are introduced into the system. (B) Single bacteria are focused near the outer wall of the channel, while bacteria attached to the antibody‐modified magnetic nanoparticles are focused close to the inner channel wall, enabling separation into designated outlets. (C) Photograph of the 3D‐printed tool. Reproduced with permission from [63]. Copyright 2015, the authors. Published under a Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs 4.0 International License