Table 2.
Diagnostic performance of mNGS and CTs in immunocompromised patients.
| mNGS | CTs | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | PPV (95% CI) | NPV (95% CI) | Accuracy (95% CI) | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | PPV (95% CI) | NPV (95% CI) | Accuracy (95% CI) | |
| Bacterial pneumonia | 92.9∗ (64.2–99.6) | 72.2 (46.4–89.3) | 72.2 (46.4–89.3) | 92.9 (64.2–99.6) | 81.3 (64.3–91.5) | 50 (24.0–76.0) | 94.4 (70.6–99.7) | 87.5 (46.7–99.3) | 70.8 (48.8–86.6) | 75 (57.7–87.0) |
| Fungal pneumonia | 100 (51.7–100) | 92.3 (73.4–98.7) | 75 (35.6–95.5) | 100 (82.8–100) | 93.8 (78.8–99.3) | 100 (51.7–100) | 96.2 (78.4–99.8) | 85.7 (42.0–99.2) | 100 (83.4–100) | 96.9 (82.9–100) |
| Pneumocystis jirovecii | 100 (31.0–100) | 100 (85.4–100) | 100 (31.0–100) | 100 (85.4–100) | 100 (87.3–100) | 100 (31.0–100) | 100 (85.4–100) | 100 (31.0–100) | 100 (85.4–100) | 100 (87.3–100) |
| Viral pneumonia | 60 (27.4–86.3) | 86.4 (64.0–96.4) | 66.7 (30.9–91.0) | 82.6 (60.5–94.3) | 78.1 (60.0–90.7) | 70 (35.4–91.9) | 95.5 (75.1–99.8) | 87.5 (46.7–99.3) | 87.5 (66.5–96.7) | 87.5 (71.3–95.6) |
| Coinfection | 68.8∗ (41.5–87.9) | 87.5 (60.4–97.8) | 84.6 (53.7–97.3) | 73.7 (48.6–89.9) | 78.1 (61.0–89.3) | 43.8 (20.8–69.4) | 87.5 (60.4–97.8) | 77.8 (40.2–96.1) | 60.9 (38.8–79.5) | 65.6 (48.2–79.7) |
Abbreviations: CTs, comprehensive conventional pathogen tests; mNGS, metagenomic next-generation sequencing; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; CI, confidence interval. ∗P < 0.05, the difference in the parameter was significant between mNGS and CTs.