Table 1.
Observational and experimental studies included in the meta-analysis (DLM-containing regimens group)
| Author | Year | Country | Type of study | Meanage | HIVN (%) | Pre-treated for TB | TB disease | No. of patients receiving DLM | Other drugsincludedin regimen | Length of treatment (months) | Outcomes |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment successN (%) | FailureN (%) | DeathN (%) | |||||||||||
| Auchynka et al., 2021 | 2021 | Belarus | RC | NR | NR | NR | MDR/Pre-XDR/XDR | 105 | FLQs;LZD; CFZ;CYC; IMP;PZA; AMGs | 6 | 94(89.5%) | NR | NR |
| Chang et al., 2018 | 2018 | Hong Kong | PC | 48 | 0 | 6 | Pre-XDR/XDR | 11 | FLQ;LZD | 11.5 | 9(81.8%) | 1(9%) | 0 |
| Dooley et al., 2021 | 2021 | South Africa & Peru | RCT | 32 | 11(39) | 6 | RR | 24 | CFZ;FLQs | 6 | 22(91.6%) | 2(8.3%) | 0 |
| Gler et al., 2012 | 2012 | 9 countries | RCT | 36 | NR | 141 | MDR | 141 | FLQs;AMGs;PZA; CYC;ETM;ETH |
2 | 64(45.3%) | NR | NR |
| Häcker et al., 2020 | 2020 | Germany | RC | 30 | 1 | NR | MDR/Pre-XDR/XDR | 25 | LZD;FLQs;TRD;CFZ | 18.3 | 18(72%) | 1(4%) | 1(4%) |
| Hafkin et al., 2017 | 2017 | USA | PC | 32 | 12(15) | 64 | MDR | 8 | LZD;FLQs;CFZ;AMGs | 6 | 53(67.9%) | 11(14.1%) | 8(10.2%) |
| Pre-XDR | 26 | ||||||||||||
| XDR | 44 | ||||||||||||
| Hewison et al., 2017 | 2017 | 7 countries1 | RC | 29.5 | 8(15) | 49 | MDR | 10 | FLQs;CFZ;LZD | 6 | 39(76.4%) | 4(7.8%) | 7(13.7%) |
| Pre-XDR | 14 | ||||||||||||
| XDR | 27 | ||||||||||||
| Kuksa et al., 2017 | 2017 | Latvia | RC | 41.5 | 1(5.3) | 13 | MDR | 2 | TRD;LZD;PZA;FLQs | 7.8 | 16(84.2%) | 0 | 0 |
| Pre-XDR | 8 | ||||||||||||
| XDR | 9 | ||||||||||||
| Madzgharashvili et al., 2021 | 2021 | USA | RC | 15.1 | 0 | 0 | MDR/Pre-XDR/XDR | 8 | PZA;ETM;FLQs;CYC | 19.6 | 7(87.5%) | 0 | 0 |
| Mohr-Holland et al., 2020 | 2020 | South Africa | RC | NR | 78(78.8) | 58 | RR | 64 | PZA;FLQs;TRD; ETM;hINH;LZD |
6.3 | 57(57.5%) | 6(6%) | 14(14.1%) |
| Pre-XDR | 35 | ||||||||||||
| Mok et al., 2019 | 2019 | South Korea | RC | 47 | 0 | 27 | MDR | 14 | FLQs;AMGs;LZD;CFZ | 24 | 40(81.6%) | 3(6.1%) | 3(6.1%) |
| Pre-XDR | 27 | ||||||||||||
| XDR | 8 | ||||||||||||
| von Groote-Bidlingmaier et al., 2019 | 2019 | 7 countries2 | RCT | 32 | 12(5.3) | NR | MDR | 177 | Optimized background regimen (NR) | 6 | 173(76.5%) | NR | 18(7.9%) |
| Pre-XDR | 39 | ||||||||||||
| XDR | 10 | ||||||||||||
| Solodovnikova et al., 2021 | 2021 | Belarus | RC | NR | NR | NR | RR/MDR/XDR | 19 | LZD;CFZ;CYC;FLQs | 6 | 19(100%) | 0 | 0 |
| Kim et al., 2018 | 2018 | South Korea | RC | 48 | NR | 10 | MDR/Pre-XDR/XDR | 8 | WHO-recommended regimen | 5.6 | 8(100%) | NR | 0 |
| Kang et al., 2020 | 2020 | South Korea | RC | 47.8 | 1(0.9) | 55 | MDR | 50 | AMG;FLQs;LZD;CYC | 6 | 95(87.9%) | 1(0.9%) | 8(7.4%) |
| Pre-XDR | 49 | ||||||||||||
| XDR | 9 | ||||||||||||
| Das et al., 2020 | 2020 | India | RC | 15.5 | 0 | NR | Pre-XDR /XDR | 11 | LZD;CFZ | 22 | 10(90.9%) | NR | NR |
PC: prospective cohort; RC: retrospective cohort; RCT: randomized clinical trial; BDQ: bedaquiline; DLM: delamanid; FLQs: fluoroquinolones; LZD: linezolid; CFZ: clofazimine; CYC: cycloserine; AMGs: aminoglycosides; MEM/CLV: meropenem-clavulanate; TRD: terizidone; IMP: imipenem; ETH: ethionamide; hINH: high-dose isoniazid; ETM: ethambutol; PZA: pyrazinamide; PMD: pretomanid; MDR: multidrug-resistant; XDR: extensively drug-resistant; RR: rifampin-resistant; and NR: not reported. 1: the Philippines, Peru, Latvia, Estonia, China, Japan, Korea, Egypt, the United States; 2: Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, India, Russia, South Africa, Swaziland; 3: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Peru, the Philippines, and South Africa