Figure 1.
S100A8 alleviated LPS-induced inflammation and improved the survival rate in LPS-induced lethal endotoxemia
Wild-type mice at 10 weeks of age were used for in vitro and in vivo experiments.
(A) Experimental outline of an in vitro study. Peritoneal macrophages from mice were pretreated with PBS, S100A8 (0.3 μg/mL), or S100A8/A9 (0.65 μg/mL) for 30 min before LPS (2 μg/mL) stimulation for 2 h and analyzed by qPCR.
(B) mRNA expression of the indicated inflammatory cytokine genes in peritoneal macrophages (n = 3).
(C) mRNA expression of the indicated TLR4 signaling pathway-related genes in peritoneal macrophages (n = 3).
(D) Experimental outline of an in vivo study. Peritoneal cells from mice injected with either PBS or S100A8 (0.1 μg/gBW) 1 h after LPS (12.5 μg/gBW) stimulation were collected at 4 h and analyzed by qPCR. Serum collected from mice at 24 h after the first injection was analyzed by ELISA. The survival rates, body temperature, and blood glucose levels of mice were monitored for 48 h.
(E) mRNA expression of the indicated inflammatory cytokine genes in peritoneal cells (n = 3).
(F) mRNA expression of the indicated TLR4 signaling pathway-related genes in peritoneal cells (n = 3).
(G) Serum TNF-a, IL-1b, IL-6, and CXCL10 levels (n = 3).
(H) The survival rates, (I) body temperature, and (J) blood glucose levels of mice were measured at 12, 24, 36, and 48 h after the first injection (n = 10).
(K) The survival rates, (L) body temperature, and (M) blood glucose levels of mice injected with either PBS or S100A8 (0.1 μg/gBW) at 1 h after E. coli DH5α (2.0∗109 CFU per mouse) injection were measured at 12, 24, 36, and 48 h (n = 10).
(N) The survival rates, (O) body temperature, and (P) blood glucose levels of mice injected with either PBS or S100A8 (0.1 μg/gBW) twice (immediately and at 24 h) after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) treatment were measured at 12, 24, 36, and 48 h (n = 10).
All data from three or four independent experiments are represented as the mean ± SEM ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01.