Appendix Table 2.
Suicidal Ideation Frequency GAM Ordered Regression – All Variables (N = 4,693).
| Predictor | Unadjusted GAM cubic splinesa | Adjusted GAM cubic splinesa |
|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio (robust SE) | Odds ratio (robust SE) | |
| Gender | ||
| Male | Reference | Reference |
| Female | 1.46 (1.22–1.70) *** | 0.97 (0.79–1.16) |
| Otherb | 3.35 (1.97–4.73) *** | 1.23 (0.65–1.81) |
| Age | ||
| 18 or younger | Reference | Reference |
| 19 | 0.99 (0.71–1.27) | 0.78 (0.49–1.07) |
| 20 | 0.83 (0.58–1.07) | 0.59 (0.32–0.86) * |
| 21 | 0.93 (0.65–1.21) | 0.67 (0.33–1.00) |
| 22 | 0.75 (0.51–1.00) | 0.63 (0.29–0.97) |
| 23 | 0.68 (0.43–0.93) * | 0.55 (0.24–0.85) * |
| 24 | 0.89 (0.56–1.22) | 0.82 (0.34–1.29) |
| 25 or older | 0.51 (0.38–0.64) *** | 0.51 (0.25–0.77) ** |
| Type of communication participant responded to | ||
| Initial survey | Reference | Reference |
| Hard to reach with phone | 0.66 (0.51–0.81) *** | 0.79 (0.59–0.98) |
| Hard to reach without phone | 0.60 (0.27–0.92) | 0.75 (0.30–1.20) |
| Lifetime depression without 30-day depression? | ||
| No | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 0.14 (0.08–0.20) *** | 1.03 (0.38–1.68) |
| Any current depression? | ||
| No | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 14.56 (10.01–19.11) *** | 7.26 (3.84–10.68) *** |
| Lifetime anxiety without any 30-day anxiety? | ||
| No | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 0.23 (0.16–0.30) *** | 1.01 (0.46–1.57) |
| Any current anxiety? | ||
| No | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 6.38 (4.75–8.01)*** | 2.28 (1.24–3.32) *** |
| Knows someone in Vancouver who tested positive for COVID-19? | ||
| No | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 0.90 (0.74–1.06) | 0.83 (0.66–1.00) |
| Had the COVID-19 pandemic affect their emotional wellbeing? | ||
| No | Reference | Reference |
| Yes, but they were able to manage it | 1.41 (1.03–1.80) ** | 0.78 (0.12) |
| Yes, they are overwhelmed and couldn't/can't find help | 7.18 (5.07–9.29) *** | 2.02 (1.34–2.71) *** |
| Yes, they are overwhelmed but were/are able to get help | 2.48 (1.76–3.19)*** | 0.86 (0.57–1.15) |
| Type of student | ||
| 1st year undergraduate | Reference | Reference |
| 2nd year undergraduate | 0.98 (0.73–1.23) | 1.23 (0.79–1.66) |
| 3rd year undergraduate | 0.93 (0.70–1.16) | 1.32 (0.76–1.89) |
| 4th year undergraduate | 0.87 (0.64–1.11) | 1.31 (0.68–1.94) |
| Graduate | 0.58 (0.44–0.72) *** | 1.34 (0.68–1.99) |
| Other | 0.61 (0.43–0.79) ** | 1.26 (0.61–1.91) |
| Ethnicity | ||
| White | Reference | Reference |
| First Nations, Inuit or Métis | 1.23 (0.69–1.77) | 0.82 (0.41–1.22) |
| Chinese | 1.39 (1.13–1.65) ** | 1.46 (1.13–1.79) *** |
| Non-Indigenous or Chinese Visible Minority | 1.40 (1.15–1.66) *** | 1.31 (1.03–1.59) ** |
| International student? | ||
| No | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 0.97 (0.79–1.15) | 0.99 (0.76–1.22) |
| Housing type | ||
| With parents or other relatives | Reference | Reference |
| In their own home or apartment (owned or rented) | 0.66 (0.53–0.78) *** | 0.87 (0.65–1.10) |
| In a university owned or operated residence or fraternity | 1.00 (0.77–1.22) | 1.03 (0.76–1.31) |
| In a shared house, apartment or flat | 0.92 (0.72–1.12) | 0.96 (0.70–1.22) |
| Other | 0.61 (0.17–1.05) | 0.62 (0.11–1.14) |
| Lifetime suicide plan? | ||
| No | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 6.91 (5.82–8.00) *** | 4.82 (3.94–5.69) *** |
| Lifetime suicide attempt? | ||
| No | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 5.72 (4.36–7.08) *** | 1.70 (1.23–2.17)*** |
*p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01; **p ≤ 0.001; ***p ≤ 0.001.
aEach unadjusted model contains only the variable of interest. The adjusted model contains all variables in a single model.
b"Other” gender is defined as a gender identity different than sex at birth. While there are many subgroups within this, they have been collapsed for the purpose of this analysis due to small cell counts.