. 2022 Nov;11(11):1840–1851. doi: 10.21037/tp-22-529

Table 3. Influencing factors of thrombosis after PICC insertion in children.

Variables	β	Standard error	χ²	HR (95% CI)	P
Model 1 (general)
Age (<12 vs. ≥12 months)	0.349	0.172	4.116	1.417 (1.012, 1.985)	0.042
Gender (male vs. female)	−0.060	0.160	0.142	0.942 (0.689, 1.288)	0.706
On ventilator (yes vs. no)	0.307	0.196	2.458	1.359 (0.926, 1.995)	0.117
Limb movement training (yes vs. no)	−0.459	0.174	6.932	0.632 (0.449, 0.889)	0.008
Model 2^a
20% mannitol or glycerol fructose (yes vs. no)	0.869	0.189	21.151	2.384 (1.646, 3.453)	<0.001
Furosemide (yes vs. no)	0.175	0.187	0.883	1.192 (0.826, 1.719)	0.347
Heparin sodium (yes vs. no)	0.224	0.316	0.500	1.251 (0.673, 2.325)	0.479
Model 3^a
Catheter placing personnel (PICU vs. operating room)	0.864	0.172	25.352	2.373 (1.695, 3.322)	<0.001
Insertion length (≥9 vs. <9 cm)	0.513	0.177	8.370	1.671 (1.180, 2.366)	0.004
Model 4 (hemagglutination term before catheterization)^a
Fibrinogen (≤1.7 vs. >1.7 g/L)	0.073	0.174	0.178	1.076 (0.765, 1.515)	0.673
Activated partial prothrombin time (>32 vs. ≤32 s)	0.167	0.195	0.738	1.182 (0.807, 1.732)	0.390
D-dimer (>1.5 vs. ≤1.5 mg/L)	0.507	0.175	8.380	1.661 (1.178, 2.341)	0.004
Full model
Age (<12 vs. ≥12 months)	0.503	0.176	8.143	1.654 (1.171, 2.338)	0.004
Limb movement training (yes vs. no)	−0.415	0.174	5.669	0.660 (0.469, 0.929)	0.017
20% mannitol or glycerol fructose (yes vs. no)	0.465	0.209	4.971	1.593 (1.058, 2.398)	0.026
Catheter placing personnel (PICU vs. operating room)	0.653	0.181	13.009	1.921 (1.347, 2.740)	<0.001
Insertion length (≥9 vs. <9 cm)	0.491	0.183	7.220	1.633 (1.142, 2.336)	0.007
D-dimer (>1.5 vs. ≤1.5 mg/L)	0.372	0.168	4.924	1.451 (1.044, 2.015)	0.026

^a, corrected for age and gender. PICC, peripherally inserted central catheter; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; PICU, pediatric intensive care unit.