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. 2022 Nov 25;13:1030851. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1030851

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Copyright © 2022 Krizanova, Penesova, Sokol, Hokynkova, Samadian and Babula.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic interaction of signalling molecules (calcium ions, ROS and gasotransmitters) in the individual phases of wound healing and their effects. Calcium ions affect hemostasis, inflammation and also proliferative phase of wound healing, which have an impact on the process of apoptosis, epithelization and migration. Gasotransmitters affect inflammation, proliferation and remodelling and significantly affect the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thus oxidative stress and also epithelization and migration. (+) represents positive effect, (−) represents negative effect.