Table 5.

Subgroup analyses for the association between HOMA-IR and RPL

					Test for subgroup differences
Subgroup	No. of comparisons	MD (95%CI)	I2 (%)	P-value for heterogeneity	Chi2	P	I2 (%)
Region
Asia	5	0.43 [0.13, 0.73]	91	< 0.00001	1.15	0.56	0
Africa	1	0.56 [-0.05, 1.17]
Middle East	2	1.46 [-0.48, 3.40]	81	0.02
Definition of RPL
>  = 2	7	0.51 [0.22, 0.81]	89	< 0.00001	0.06	0.80	0
>  = 3	1	0.60 [-0.02, 1.22]
Matched confounders
No	4	0.32 [0.04, 0.60]	90	< 0.00001	3.96	0.05	74.8
Yes	4	0.92 [0.40, 1.43]	56	0.08
Measurement timing
During pregnancy	2	0.28 [-0.13, 0.70]	74	0.05	1.72	0.19	41.8
Not during pregnancy	6	0.68 [0.26, 1.10]	89	< 0.00001
Exclusion of known factors
Yes	6	0.42 [0.21, 0.64]	72	0.003	0.24	0.62	0
No	2	0.49 [0.31, 0.67]	0	0.85