Table 6.

Subgroup analyses for the association between GI ratio and RPL

					Test for subgroup differences
Subgroup	No. of comparisons	MD (95%CI)	I2 (%)	P-value for heterogeneity	Chi2	P	I2 (%)
Region
Asia	1	-1.44 [-1.76, -1.12]			2.48	0.29	19.2
America	1	-1.90 [-4.32, 0.52]
Middle East	3	-4.47 [-8.32, -0.61]	94	< 0.00001
Definition of RPL
>  = 2	3	-5.70 [-10.98, -0.42]	94	< 0.00001	3.28	0.07	69.5
>  = 3	2	-0.77 [-1.49, -0.05]	0	0.50
Matched confounders
No	1	-1.44 [-1.76, -1.12]			2.02	0.16	50.6
Yes	4	-3.61 [-6.59, -0.64]	92	< 0.00001
Measurement timing
During pregnancy	1	-1.44 [-1.76, -1.12]			2.02	0.16	50.6
Not during pregnancy	4	-3.61 [-6.59, -0.64]	92	< 0.00001
Exclusion of known factors
Yes	1	-16.10 [-21.12, -11.08]			33.14	< 0.00001	97.0
No	4	-1.34 [-1.63, -1.04]	12	0.33