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. 2022 Nov 9;55(6):442–451. doi: 10.5090/jcs.22.072

Table 4.

Quality assessment of the included studies by Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions for Non-randomized Studies

Study Quality assessment by Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions for Non-randomized Studies Overall

Bias due to confounding Bias in selection of participants into the study Bias in measurement of interventions Bias due to departures from intended interventions Bias due to missing data Bias in measurement of outcomes Bias in selection of the reported result
Fournier et al. [13] (2018) Moderate Low Low Low Low Low Low Moderate
Moscona et al. [14] (2018) High Low Low Low Low Low Low High
Di Gioia et al. [18] (2016) Moderate Low Low Low Low Low Low Moderate