Table 4.

Univariate and multivariate analysis for cranial and cervical nerve injuries using logistic regression analysis

Variable	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	OR (95% CI)	p-value		OR (95% CI)	p-value
Age	0.92 (0.86–0.98)	0.01*		0.90 (0.83–0.97)	0.01*
Body mass index	1.09 (0.92–1.28)	0.31
Sex (female vs. male)	0.41 (0.90–1.87)	0.25
Severity (severe vs. moderate)	0.66 (0.20–2.20)	0.49
Asymptomatic	1.67 (0.60–4.71)	0.33
Hypertension	2.82 (0.79–10.02)	0.11
Diabetes mellitus	0.74 (0.30–1.84)	0.52
Hyperlipidemia	4.07 (1.16–14.36)	0.03*		4.54 (0.98–20.94)	0.53
Ulcerative lesion	1.43 (0.59–3.47)	0.43
Atrial fibrillation	0.48 (0.06–3.96)	0.50
Contralateral lesion	0.70 (0.26–1.90)	0.49
High-level of lesion	8.45 (3.31–21.56)	<0.01*		9.56 (3.21–28.42)	<0.01*
Operative method (HMI vs. conventional)	0.63 (0.22–1.80)	0.38		1.42 (0.37–5.42)	0.61
Operation time	1.01 (1.00–1.02)	0.02*		1.01 (1.00–1.02)	0.47
ICA clamp time	1.06 (1.02–1.10)	<0.01*		1.07 (1.03–1.12)	<0.01*
Post/Pre (%)	0.96 (0.90–1.03)	0.26
Post/End (%)	1.00 (0.96–1.04)	0.86

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; HMI, high mini-skin incision; ICA, internal carotid artery; rSO₂, regional oxygen saturation; Post/Pre (%), the ratio of post- to pre-clamp rSO₂ level representing changes in the degree of cerebral perfusion after ICA clamping; Post/End (%), the ratio of pre-clamp to post-declamp rSO₂ level representing changes in the degree of cerebral perfusion after endarterectomy.

*p<0.05 (statistically significant).