. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 May 3.

Published in final edited form as: J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr. 2022 May 3;41(2):140–159. doi: 10.1080/21551197.2022.2070321

Table 4.

Association of handgrip strength per Body Mass Index with branched-chain Essential Amino Acid (EAA) Intake per kg and selected sociodemographic and health-related characteristics (n=1271).

		β	SE	p

Block 1	Age (Younger vs. Older)	−0.081	0.023	<0.001
	Sex (Female vs. Male)	0.665	0.021	<0.001
	Race (White vs. African American)	0.066	0.021	0.002
	Income (≥125% vs. <125% poverty guidelines³⁹)	−0.023	0.022	0.297
	Cigarette Smoker (No vs. Yes)	−0.096	0.022	<0.001
	Diabetes (No, Pre, vs. Yes)	−0.119	0.014	<0.001
	Hypertension (No vs Yes)	−0.167	0.023	<0.001
Block 2	Branched-chain EAAs/kg	1.791	0.167	<0.001
	Healthy Eating Index-2010	0.000	0.001	0.608
	Energy	7.563×10⁻⁵	0.000	<0.001
Block 3	Physical Activity (Active, Somewhat Active vs. Inactive)^a	−0.091	0.015	<0.001
Block 4	Sex x Race	0.077	0.040	0.052
Model Fit		R²
	Block 1	0.509		<0.001
	Δ R² with Block 2	0.047		<0.001
	Δ R² with Block 3	0.013		<0.001
	Δ R² with Block 3	0.001		0.052
	Final Model	0.566

Determined by responses to National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)/Johnson Space

Center (JCS) scale and 2018 US physical activity guideline for adults.^32,33,36