The mechanisms of POSTN interacting with the PI3K/Akt pathway. (1) POSTN can promote cell proliferation, invasion, and migration by activating the FAK/PI3K/Akt pathway. (2) POSTN can increase the expression of LOX, LOXL1-3, collagen, and fibronectin by inducing Smad3 phosphorylation, which is dependent on PI3K