Table 5.

Quality assessment of the 11 included studies using CCAT

Study no.	Reference	Preliminary	Introduction	Design	Sampling	Data collection	Ethical matters	Results	Discussion	Total	Corresponding total percentage
1	[69]	5	4	4	4	4	5	4	4	34	85
2	[30]	5	5	4	4	5	5	5	5	38	95
3	[31]	5	5	4	5	5	3	5	4	36	90
4	[70]	5	5	5	4	5	5	5	5	39	98
5	[71]	5	5	5	4	4	2	4	4	33	83
6	[72]	3	4	4	5	5	5	4	4	34	85
7	[73]	5	5	5	4	5	5	4	4	37	93
8	[74]	4	5	4	4	4	4	3	4	32	80
9	[75]	5	5	4	5	5	5	4	4	36	90
10	[76]	5	4	3	3	5	2	5	4	31	78
11	[77]	5	5	5	5	5	5	4	4	38	95

The CCAT tool is based on a rating score on an overall scale of 0–5 (0, no evidence; 5, high evidence) in each of eight categories

CCAT Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool