. 2022 Dec 5:1–21. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s10845-022-02060-6

Table 5.

– Examples of sustainability metrics/indicators in the product/service dimensions

	Economic	Social	Environmental
End-to-End Engineering	-	• *Social sustainability metrics and indicators*: - Value co-creation metrics in service design (including some aspects of sustainability) (Botti et al., 2018).
Smart products / Digitalization	• *Economic sustainability metrics and indicators*: - Economic-oriented metrics to evaluate smart energy systems transition (Dincer & Acar, 2017).	• *Social sustainability metrics and indicators*: - Social-oriented metrics to evaluate smart energy systems transition (Dincer & Acar, 2017).	• *Environmental sustainability metrics and indicators*: - Environment-oriented metrics to evaluate smart energy systems transition (Dincer & Acar, 2017).
New Business Models	• *Economic sustainability assessment framework*: - Impact of lean production and servitization on sustainable performance (Hao et al., 2021). - Performance measurement in servitization (Brax et al., 2021). - Quantitative analysis of the economic impact of Industry 4.0 enabled circular economy (Spaltini et al., 2021).	• *Social sustainability assessment framework*: - Implications of servitization and digitalization in improvement of the organizational resilience and growth in healthcare manufacturing firms during the COVID-19 pandemic (Zhang & Qi, 2021).	• *Environmental sustainability assessment framework*: - Impact of lean production and servitization on sustainable performance (Hao et al., 2021). - Quantitative analysis of the environmental impact of Industry 4.0 enabled circular economy (Spaltini et al., 2021). - A 3DR model (disassembly, deconstruction and resilience) to evaluate the level of the circularity of building and demolition industry (O’Grady et al., 2021).

Economic

Social

Environmental

End-to-End

Engineering

• Social sustainability metrics and indicators:

- Value co-creation metrics in service design (including some aspects of sustainability) (Botti et al., 2018).

Smart products

/ Digitalization

• Economic sustainability metrics and indicators:

- Economic-oriented metrics to evaluate smart energy systems transition (Dincer & Acar, 2017).

• Social sustainability metrics and indicators:

- Social-oriented metrics to evaluate smart energy systems transition (Dincer & Acar, 2017).

• Environmental sustainability metrics and indicators:

- Environment-oriented metrics to evaluate smart energy systems transition (Dincer & Acar, 2017).

New Business Models

• Economic sustainability assessment framework:

- Impact of lean production and servitization on sustainable performance (Hao et al., 2021).

- Performance measurement in servitization (Brax et al., 2021).

- Quantitative analysis of the economic impact of Industry 4.0 enabled circular economy (Spaltini et al., 2021).

• Social sustainability assessment framework:

- Implications of servitization and digitalization in improvement of the organizational resilience and growth in healthcare manufacturing firms during the COVID-19 pandemic (Zhang & Qi, 2021).

• Environmental sustainability assessment framework:

- Impact of lean production and servitization on sustainable performance (Hao et al., 2021).

- Quantitative analysis of the environmental impact of Industry 4.0 enabled circular economy (Spaltini et al., 2021).

- A 3DR model (disassembly, deconstruction and resilience) to evaluate the level of the circularity of building and demolition industry (O’Grady et al., 2021).