Table 3.
Summary of Standardized Parameter Estimates (Beta) with 95% Confidence Intervals for Key Pathways Tested (Fig. 4 )
| Path | B | β (SE) | 95%CI [L - U] | z-value | p-value | R2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traumatic experience of COVID19 (X) → Self-esteem (M1) | (a1) | − 0.516 | -0.602 (0.075) | [-0.754; -0.464] | -8.059 | p < .001 | 0.266 |
| Self-esteem (M1) → Anxiety (M2) | (d) | − 0.154 | -0.162 (0.065) | [-0.292; -0.037] | -2.500 | p = .012 | 0.339 |
| Anxiety (M2) → Depression (Y) | (b2) | 0.413 | 0.703 (0.096) | [0.536; 0.910] | 7.333 | p < .001 | 0.772 |
| Traumatic experience of COVID19 (X) → Anxiety (M2) | (a2) | 0.488 | 0.601 (0.088) | [0.434; 0.782] | 6.796 | p < .001 | |
| Self-esteem (M1) → Depression (Y) | (b1) | − 0.407 | -0.731 (0.114) | [-0.977; -0.530] | -6.395 | p < .001 | |
| Traumatic experience of COVID19 (X) → Depression (Y) | (c1) | 0.260 | 0.544 (0.114) | [0.344; 0.788] | 4.794 | p < .001 | |
| Indirect effect of X on Y via M1 | (a1*b1) | 0.210 | 0.440 (0.082) | [0.305; 0.625] | 5.359 | p < .001 | |
| Indirect effect of X on Y via M2 | (a2*b2) | 0.202 | 0.422 (0.075) | [0.291; 0.586] | 5.627 | p < .001 | |
| Indirect effect of X1 on Y via M1 and M2 | (a1*d*b2) | 0.033 | 0.069 (0.031) | [0.015; 0.137] | 2.179 | p < .001 | |
| Total effect X1 on Y | 0.705 | 1.476 (0.169) | [1.197; 1.856] | 8.711 | p < .001 |
Note: B = standardized beta; β = unstandardized beta; 95%CI = 95% confidence intervals (lower and upper bound) for the unstandardized beta; R2 = explained variance