The mycobacterial cell wall is composed of three layers (the outer mycolic acid, the middle branched arabinogalactan, and the inner peptidoglycan) that offer unique target sites for tuberculosis (TB) therapies that are being exploited in drug development.

The discovery and development of bedaquiline was revolutionary in TB therapy and has provided the impetus for exciting further investigation into additional diarylquinolines.

Pretomanid possesses potent bactericidal activity and sterilizing capability for non-replicating bacilli that is additive to that achieved with bedaquiline and linezolid.

Repeated clinical studies suggest the extensive activity of linezolid against TB, and recent data indicate its toxicity may be mitigated with therapeutic drug (trough) monitoring.

Benzothiazinones and their derivatives offer some of the most potent antimycobacterial activity seen in vitro, providing great optimism for further clinical study.

Telacebec (Q203) and GSK656 are new and exciting therapies designed to target novel regions of the mycobacterial cell