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. 2022 Dec 9;12:21297. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-25352-6

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Therapeutic effect of ΦSA012 in a mouse infection model. (A) Survival rates of mice inoculated with SA003 through i.p. injections without ΦSA012 treatment (i.p. or i.v.). ΦSA012 was inoculated to mice i.p. or i.v. (n = 12 in the control group, n = 10 at MOI of 100 in the i.p. group, n = 10 at MOI of 100 in the i.v. group, n = 4 at MOI of 1 in the i.p. group). In every experiment, ΦSA012 or SM buffer was injected into mice 15 min after SA003 inoculation. (B) Survival rates of mice inoculated with SA003 through i.p. injection with anti-phage antibody (1 µg/mL or 10 µg/mL)-pretreated ΦSA012 treatment and ΦSA012 treatment in immunized mice (n = 4 in each group). ΦSA012 was injected into the mice 15 min after SA003 inoculation. (C) Neutralization activity of purified anti-phage IgG against ΦSA012 in vitro (equivalent to MOI of 100 in the mouse infection model). Titers of ΦSA012 are indicated as fold changes against the control and presented as means ± SD (n = 3). Significance against the control was analyzed by Tukey’s test based on one-way ANOVA: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.