Table 11.
Comparisons for Welded Beam (Best-so-far solution)
| Algorithm | × 1 | × 2 | × 3 | × 4 | Objective |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CSS [28] | 0.20582 | 3.468109 | 9.038024 | 0.205723 | 1.724866 |
| FA [67] | 0.2015 | 3.562 | 9.0414 | 0.2057 | 1.73121 |
| RO [68] | 0.203687 | 3.528467 | 9.004233 | 0.207241 | 1.735344 |
| MCSS [50] | 0.20573 | 3.470489 | 9.036624 | 0.20573 | 1.724855 |
| MOPM [74] | 0.20573 | 3.470489 | 9.036624 | 0.20573 | 1.724852 |
| ISA [75] | 0.244330 | 6.219931 | 8.291521 | 0.244369 | 2.3812 |
| GWO [76] | 0.205676 | 3.478377 | 9.03681 | 0.205778 | 1.72624 |
| TEO [79] | 0.205681 | 3.472305 | 9.035133 | 0.205796 | 1.725284 |
| SOA [80] | 0.205408 | 3.472316 | 9.035208 | 0.201141 | 1.723485 |
| PA [81] | 0.02058 | 3.470495 | 9.036624 | 0.20573 | 1.724853 |
| N2F [83] | 0.20573 | 3.470489 | 9.036624 | 0.20573 | 1.724852 |
| MPA [84] | 0.205728 | 3.470509 | 9.036624 | 0.20573 | 1.724853 |
| EO [85] | 0.2057 | 3.4705 | 9.03664 | 0.2057 | 1.7549 |
| SRO [86] | 0.20573 | 3.470489 | 9.036624 | 0.20573 | 1.724852 |
| CGWO [87] | 0.20573 | 3.470499 | 9.036637 | 0.20573 | 1.724854 |
| SMA [88] | 0.2054 | 3.2589 | 9.0384 | 0.2058 | 1.69604 |
| CGO [89] | 0.198856 | 3.337244 | 9.191454 | 0.198858 | 1.670336 |
| GTO [90] | 0.20573 | 3.470489 | 9.036624 | 0.20573 | 1.724852 |
| TLMPA [91] | 0.20573 | 3.470489 | 9.036624 | 0.20573 | 1.724852 |
| SBO [92] | 0.175055 | 3.305377 | 9.248898 | 0.206137 | 1.699215 |
| IGWO [93] | 0.20573 | 3.47049 | 9.036624 | 0.20573 | 1.724853 |
| CoSA [94] | 0.205692 | 3.254453 | 9.03636 | 0.205733 | 1.695505 |
| HS-WOA + [95] | 0.20573 | 3.470489 | 9.036624 | 0.20573 | 1.724852 |
| HS-WOA [95] | 0.208079 | 3.442723 | 8.986502 | 0.208651 | 1.738146 |
| AOS [96] | 0.205730 | 3.470489 | 9.036624 | 0.205730 | 1.724852 |
| LA [97] | 0.2213 | 3.2818 | 8.7579 | 0.2216 | 1.8446 |
| MGA [99] | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1.672967 |
| RSO [100] | 0.205397 | 3.465789 | 9.034571 | 0.201097 | 1.722789 |
| CPA [101] | 0.188500 | 3.562000 | 9.134835 | 0.205245 | 1.723916 |
| SCSO [102] | 0.2057 | 3.2530 | 9.0366 | 0.2057 | 1.6952 |
| AHO [103] | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1.67 |
| Proposed algorithm (PbA) | 0.205715 | 3.470808 | 9.036624 | 0.20573 | 1.724872 |