Table 5.
Risk factors for N. caninum antibodies in sheep and goats in Egypt.
| Analyzed Factor | No. of Tested | No. of Negative (%) | No. of Positive (%) | OR (95% CI) * | p-Value # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Animal species | |||||
| Sheep | 239 | 202 (86.9) | 37 (13.1) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Goat | 121 | 115 (95) | 6 (5) | 0.3 (0.1–0.7) | 0.0036 |
| Geographical location | |||||
| Dakahlia (Northern Egypt) | 111 | 93 (83.8) | 18 (16.2) | 2.7 (1.2–5.9) | 0.0130 |
| Beni Suef (Middle Egypt) | 41 | 38 (92.7) | 3 (7.3) | 1.4 (0.4–5.2) | 0.6391 |
| Qena (Southern Egypt) | 162 | 151 (93.2) | 11 (6.8) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Red Sea (Eastern Egypt) | 46 | 35 (76.1) | 11 (23.9) | 4.3 (1.7–10.8) | 0.0009 |
| Abortion history | |||||
| Yes | 222 | 196 (88.3) | 26 (11.7) | 0.9 (0.5–1.8) | 0.8624 |
| No | 138 | 121 (87.7) | 17 (12.3) | Ref. | Ref. |
* Odds ratio at 95% confidence interval as calculated by http://vassarstats.net/ (accessed on 9 August 2022); # p-value was evaluated by Chi-square test (Pearson test) using online statistics software http://vassarstats.net/ (accessed on 9 August 2022) and GraphPad Prism version 5; Ref.; value used as a reference.