Table 5.

Influence of root vegetables from the botanical order Amaranthaceae on health.

Vegetable	Type of Study	Form of Vegetable/Compound Tested	Effect	Source
Beetroot	In vivo/people/ meta-analysis	Beetroot juice	General systolic blood pressure was lower among people with beetroot juice supplementation Potential nitrate-independent effect of beetroot juice	[127]
Beetroot	In vivo/people/ meta-analysis	Various beetroot products	Beetroot supplementation offered no significant improvement to peak or mean power output during HIIT (high-intensity interval training) or SIT (sprint interval training)	[128]
Beetroot	In vivo/people/ meta-analysis	Beetroot	Beetroot consumption was associated with an improvement in vascular function Effect on endothelial function was significantly associated with the dose of inorganic nitrates	[129]
Beetroot	In vivo/people	Beetroot juice	Ingestion of beetroot juice increased blood flow to the brain and enhanced exercise performance Older adults who exercised and consumed beetroot juice demonstrated greater consistency within the motor community and fewer secondary connections with the insular cortex compared with those who exercised without beetroot juice	[130]