| PAMP | pathogen-associated molecular pattern |
| TSA | trichostatin A |
| MOX | Moxidectin |
| TLR | Toll-like receptor |
| NEAT1 | Nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 |
| STAT3 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 |
| PE | pseudomonas exotoxin |
| CNF1 | Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor 1 |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor-α |
| HIF-1 | Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 |
| VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |
| IKK | IκB kinase |
| NLS | Nuclear localization sequence |
| RANKL | Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κ B Ligand |
| CCL | C-C motif ligand |
| Gli | glioma-associated oncogene homolog |
| ECM | extracellular matrix |
| PTEN | Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten |
| IGF-1 | insulin-like growth factors -1 |
| SDF-1 | stromal cell-derived factor-1 |
| KPNA 2 | Karyopherin α2 |
| CXCR-4 | C-X-C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 |
| GPCR | G protein-coupled receptors |
| MCT | H+-coupled monocarboxylate transporter |
| GF | germ-free |
| IDO | indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase |
| AhR | aryl hydrocarbon receptor |
| IL4I1 | interleukin-4-induced-1 |
| GABA | γ-aminobutyric acid |
| 5-HT | 5-hydroxy tryptamine |
| α7 nAChR | nicotinic acetylcholine receptor |
| ACh | acetylcholine |
| GM-CSF | granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor |
| LCK | lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase |
| HIFU | high-intensity focused ultrasound |
| CTX | chlorotoxin |
| TIMP-2 | tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 |
| HSV-1 | Herpes simplex virus-1 |