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. 2022 Nov 26;15(23):8430. doi: 10.3390/ma15238430
As Tensile steel area
AF Tensile FRP area
b Width of RC slab
c Distance from extreme compression fiber to the neutral axis
CE Environmental reduction factor
Cm, Cv Moment and shear coefficients
d Distance from the extreme fiber of the compression zone to the center of the steel
df Distance from the extreme fiber of the compression zone to FRP
Ec Elastic modulus of concrete
EF Elastic modulus of CFRP
Es Elastic modulus of steel
f’c Compressive strength of concrete
f’H Compressive strength of the concrete overlay
ffe Effective stress in FRP
ffu Design ultimate strength of FRP
ffu* Ultimate tensile strength of FRP material, reported by the manufacture
fs Stress in tension steel
fy Yield stress of steel
h Height of RC slab
Icr Cracked moment of a section
k The ratio of the depth of the neutral axis to reinforcement depth measured from extreme compression fiber
l en Clear span length of the end span
l in Clear span length of the interior span
n Number of CFRP layer
Mn Moment carrying capacity
Mn,Ne, Mn,Pe Moment carrying capacities of the support and mid-span sections on the end-span
Mn,Ni, Mn,Pi Moment carrying capacities of the support and mid-span sections on the interior span
Mns Flexural strength contributed by tensile steel
Mnf Flexural strength contributed by CFRP
MD,N2e The moment carrying of the N-2e section
Mu The factored moment at a section
tF The thickness of CFRP laminate
tH The thickness of the concrete overlay
Vn The shear carrying capacity
Vu Factored shear at a section
wf The ultimate failure load
wu The design factored load
wuM, wuV Design factored load governed by moment and shear carrying capacities
ϕf, ϕv Strength reduction factors for the flexural and shear strength
ψ f Strength reduction factors of FRP
α1, β1 Stress block factors
γc Unit weight of concrete
εbi The existing state strain of FRP installation
εcu The ultimate strain of concrete
εfd Debonding strain of FRP
εfe Strain of FRP
εfu The ultimate strain of FRP
εs The strain of tensile steel