Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Study | Survey Region | Survey Period | Population Source | Age Range (years) | Sample Size | Diagnostic Method |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hu et al., 2021 [13] | Shanghai | 2019.4–2019.6 | School | 6–11 | 10,464 | Questionnaire |
| Tang et al., 2021 [14] | Shenzhen | 2016.12–2017.3 | School | 10–16 | 1147 | Questionnaire |
| Xu et al., 2020 [15] | Shanghai | 2019.12–2020.1 | School | 0–5 | 1247 | Questionnaire |
| Sun et al., 2020 [16] | Datong, Shanxi | 2016.9–2016.12 | School | around 16 | 451 | Questionnaire |
| Zhang et al., 2019 [17] | Yangzhou, Jiangsu | - | School | 3–6 | 2531 | Questionnaire |
| Yu et al., 2019 [18] | Foshan, Guangdong | - | School | 6–8, 12–14 | 4166 | Questionnaire |
| Wang et al., 2017 [19] | Wuhu, Anhui | 2014.11 | Physical examination hospitals | 0–2 | 597 | Questionnaire |
| Zhang et al., 2016 [20] | Wuhu, Anhui | - | School | 3–6 | 1912 | Questionnaire |
| Wang et al., 2016 [21] | 33 cities in China | 2014.11 | Physical examination hospitals | 0–2 | 10,693 | Questionnaire |
| Chen et al., 2015 [22] | Shanghai | 2011.4–2012.4 | School | 3–7 | 14,884 | Questionnaire |
| Ye et al., 2010 [23] | Wenzhou, Zhejiang | 2009 | School | 16–25 | 1981 | Questionnaire |
| Feng et al., 2022 [24] | Nanchang, Jiangxi | 2019.12 | School | 18–24 | 2313 | Questionnaire |
| Li et al., 2019 [25] | Beijing | 2010 | Community, School | 0–14 | 13,073 | Questionnaire |
| Shao et al., 2017 [26] | Beijing | 2010 | Community, School | 0–15 | 20,186 | Questionnaire |
| Xie et al., 2017 [27] | 31 cities in China | 2010 | Community, School | 0–14 | 337,560 | Questionnaire |
| Ma et al., 2009 [28] | Beijing | 2007.10–2008.1 | School | 6–11 | 10,672 | Questionnaire |
| Wang et al., 2019 [29] | Chengdu, Sichuan | 2014.3–2015.3 | Cohort study | 0–1 | 923 | Questionnaire |
| Wang et al., 2018 [11] | Nei Mongol | 2015.5–2015.8 | Community | - | 4441 | Questionnaire |
| Zeng et al., 2015 [30] | Guangdong | 2013.6–2013.12 | School | 1–7 | 2540 | Questionnaire |
| Zhang et al., 2015 [31] | 7 cities, 2 rural areas in China | 2011.11–2012.4 | School | 3–12 | 1739 | Questionnaire |
| Liu et al., 2013 [32] | 8 cities in China | 2011.10–2012.3 | Physical examination hospital | 0–3 | 2632 | Questionnaire |
| Mo et al., 2013 [33] | Shanghai | - | School | 15–20 | 2626 | Questionnaire |
| Wang et al., 2013 [34] | YunnanGuizhouSichuan | 2011.3–2011.7 | Community | 0.5–2 | 3344 | Questionnaire |
| Wu et al., 2012 [35] | Taiwan | 2004.4.1–2004.10.31 | Physical examination hospital, Community, School |
- | 30,018 | Questionnaire |
| Ho et al., 2012 [12] | Hong Kong | 2005.9–2006.8 | Community | 0–14 | 7393 | Questionnaire |
| Leung et al., 2009 [36] | Hong Kong | 2006.11–2007.5 | School | 2–7 | 3677 | Questionnaire |
| Zhang et al., 2021 [37] | Qinhuangdao, Hebei | 2016.1–2017.1 | Physical examination hospital | 0–3 | 2632 | Questionnaire, SPT |
| Pan et al., 2020 [38] | Wuxi, Jiangsu | 2016.1–2017.12 | School | 3–14 | 3858 | Questionnaire, sIgE |
| Li J et al., 2019 [39] | HongKong Guangzhou Shaoguan |
2009.9–2016.6 | School | 7–10 | 16,875 | Questionnaire, SPT, sIgE |
| Yang et al., 2015 [40] | Guangzhou Shaoguang |
2010 | School | 7–12 | 10,681 | Questionnaire, SPT, sIgE |
| Jin et al., 2012 [41] | Wuhan, Hubei | 2011.6–2011.12 | Physical examination hospital | 0.5–0.75 | 626 | Questionnaire, SPT |
| Lv et al., 2005 [42] | China Medical University | - | School | 15–24 | 3974 | Questionnaire, SPT |
| Huan et al., 2020 [43] | Wenzhou, Zhejiang | 2018 | School | 3–6 | 4151 | Questionnaire, SPT, sIgE, OFC |
| Peng et al., 2020 [44] | Sanmenxia, Henan | 2017.1–2018.1 | Physical examination hospital | 0–1 | 624 | Questionnaire, SPT, OFC |
| Xiao et al., 2018 [45] | Shanghai | 2016.1–2017.6 | Physical examination hospital | 0–3 | 1100 | Questionnaire, sIgE, OFC |
| Nie et al., 2017 [46] | Chengdu, Sichuan | 2014.9–2015.3 | Physical examination hospital | 0–2 | 786 | Questionnaire, SPT, OFC |
| Zou et al., 2013 [47] | Panzhihua, Sichuan | 2010.1–2012.12 | Community | 0–3 | 1359 | Questionnaire, SPT, OFC |
| Ma et al., 2020 [48] | Chongqing | 1999/2009/2019 | Physical examination hospital | 0–2 | 314/401/513 | Questionnaire, SPT, OFC |
| Chen et al., 2012 [49] | Chongqing Zhuhai Hangzhou |
2009.1–2009.22010.1–2010.5 | Physical examination hospital | 0–2 | 1687 | Questionnaire, SPT, OFC |
| Chen et al., 2011 [50] | Chongqing | 2009.1.1–2009.2.28 | Physical examination hospital | 0–1 | 479 | Questionnaire, SPT, OFC |
| Feng et al., 2017 [8] | Beijing | 2012.5–2013.5 | Physical examination hospital | 39 ± 7 | 708 | sIgE |
| Hu et al., 2015 [9] | National | 2002 | Serum bank | 3–12 | 5190 | sIgE |
| Hua et al., 2008 [10] | Xinjiang | 2007.8–2007.12 | Physical examination hospital | 36–57 | 3067 | sIgE |
| Wei et al., 2022 [51] | Shanghai | 2019 | School | 3–6 | 5215 | Questionnaire |
| Gou et al., 2022 [52] | Guizhou | 2017–2018 | School | 18–20 | 1453 | Questionnaire |
| Sun et al., 2022 [53] | Yiyang, Hunan | 2018.1–2019.12 | Physical examination hospital | 0–3 | 1730 | Questionnaire, OFC |
FA, food allergy; OFC, open food challenge; SPT, skin prick test; sIgE, specific IgE—not available.