. 2022 Dec 2;19(23):16158. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192316158

Table 2.

Muscle damage enzymes, inflammation biomarkers, and antioxidant status in the intervention group (IG n = 15) and in the control group (CG n = 15), in the three moments of the study.

Parameter (Reference Value)	Group	Time			p₁-Value	p₂-Value
Parameter (Reference Value)	Group	T1	T2	T3	p₁-Value	p₂-Value
Alanine Aminotransferase UI/L (10–50)	IG	23.91 ± 1.82	24.12 ± 2.30	24.12 ± 2.30	0.279	0.131
Alanine Aminotransferase UI/L (10–50)	CG	23.61 ± 1.44	23.47 ± 1.18	23.80 ± 1.71	0.324	0.131
Aspartate Aminotransferase UI/L (10–50)	IG	31.21 ± 3.25	30.95 ± 3.05	30.01 ± 3.11	0.274	0.237
Aspartate Aminotransferase UI/L (10–50)	CG	30.81 ± 2.83	31.34 ± 4.08	31.71 ± 3.46	0.235	0.237
Myoglobin ng/mL (25–72)	IG	31.14 ± 2.1	30.89 ± 2.07	30.07 ± 2.88	0.224	0.177
Myoglobin ng/mL (25–72)	CG	31.51 ± 2.54	31.81 ± 3.04	32.36 ± 2.96	0.101	0.177
Aldolase UI/L (1.0–7.5)	IG	3.32 ± 0.33	3.31 ± 0.34	3.28 ± 0.41	0.354	0.106
Aldolase UI/L (1.0–7.5)	CG	3.28 ± 0.40	3.32 ± 0.49	3.37 ± 0.33	0.549	0.106
Lactate Dehydrogenase UI/L (135–250)	IG	328.59 ± 5.49	322.07 ± 7.17	314.14 ± 4.70	0.234	0.024
Lactate Dehydrogenase UI/L (135–250)	CG	312.13 ± 10.81	353.11 ± 9.12 ^&	366.50 ± 10.71 ^&	0.038	0.024
Creatine Kinase UI/L (0–190)	IG	211.74 ± 3.74	203.07 ± 4.57	198.07 ± 6.03	0.234	0.133
Creatine Kinase UI/L (0–190)	CG	200.21 ± 4.6	208.90 ± 4.57	215.77 ± 5.18	0.127	0.133
Creatine Kinase-MB <12 UI/l	IG	12.30 ± 1.81	12.11 ± 1.16	12.06 ± 1.29	0.129	0.278
Creatine Kinase-MB <12 UI/l	CG	13.41 ± 1.11	13.90 ± 1.31	14.04 ± 1.33	0.236	0.278
Interleukin 6 pg/mL (0.6–2.4)	IG	0.53 ± 0.13	0.54 ± 0.16	0.52 ± 0.12	0.364	0.301
Interleukin 6 pg/mL (0.6–2.4)	CG	0.51 ± 0.12	0.53 ± 0.11	0.54 ± 0.12	0.157	0.301
C-reactive protein mg/L (0.0–5.0)	IG	1.15 ± 0.24	1.11 ± 0.31	0.98 ± 0.39	0.129	0.031
C-reactive protein mg/L (0.0–5.0)	CG	1.21 ± 0.30	1.51 ± 0.22 ^&	1.55 ± 0.22 ^&	0.033	0.031
Total Antioxidant Status (mmol/L) (0.0–8.0)	IG	1.42 ± 0.07	1.36 ± 0. 02 ^&	1.34 ± 0.05 ^&	0.041	0.046
Total Antioxidant Status (mmol/L) (0.0–8.0)	CG	1.31 ± 0.05	1.34 ± 0.07	1.33 ± 0.06	0.316	0.046

Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. p₁-value: analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures for each group separately. p₂-value: analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures of two factors to verify the existence of an interaction effect (Condition × Time). Significant differences were considered for p < 0.05. Significant differences during the study period, calculated using the Scheffé test. &: significant difference vs. T1, p < 0.05. IG: intervention group; CG: control group; T1: baseline; T2: day 21; T3: day 42.