Table 3.
Performance on App Behavior Change Scale (ABACUS) criteria (most to least frequently used).
| Behavior change techniquea | Value, n (%) |
| Customize and personalize some features | 19 (100) |
| Baseline information | 16 (84) |
| Allow the user to easily self-monitor behavior | 13 (68) |
| Provide instruction on how to perform the behavior | 10 (53) |
| Reminders or prompts or cues for activity (on app) | 8 (42) |
| Data export | 7 (37) |
| Information provided about the consequences of continuing or discontinuing behavior | 7 (37) |
| Give user feedback (person or automatic) | 5 (26) |
| Allow or encourage practice or rehearsal in addition to daily activities | 4 (21) |
| Created with expertise or information consistent with national guidelines | 4 (21) |
| Restructure the physical or social environment | 4 (21) |
| Encourage positive habit formation | 3 (16) |
| Provide the opportunity to plan for barriers | 3 (16) |
| Share behaviors with others or allow for social comparison | 3 (16) |
| Understand the difference between current action and future goals | 3 (16) |
| Distraction or avoidance | 2 (11) |
| Review goals, update, and change | 2 (11) |
| Goal setting | 1 (5) |
| Provide general encouragement | 0 (0) |
| Material or social reward or incentive | 0 (0) |
| Willingness for behavior change | 0 (0) |
aApp Behavior Change Scale average score: mean 6 (SD 4) out of 21.