Table 1.

Current findings about HS manifestation and exacerbation.

References	Type of Source	Menses	During Pregnancy	Postmenopausal	Conclusion
Vossen et al., 2017 [11]	survey-based cross-sectional study (n = 186; all female)	worsening around menses (43%); no change (53.8%)	worsening (16.7%); no change (53.1%); improvement (30.2%)	no data	There is a significant correlation between perimenstrual worsening and improvement during pregnancy (p < 0.01).
Fernandez et al., 2020 [7]	survey in an international HS group (n = 279; all female)	worsening of HS (76.7%); no change (22.2%); improvement (1.1%)	worsening (34.8%); no change (28.7%); improvement (36.6%)	worsening (39.5%); no change (44.2%); improvement (16.6%)	Menstruation causes exacerbation of HS. Pregnancy has mixed effects on HS.
Seivright et al., 2022 [12]	Meta-analyses with 8 studies (n = 672; all female)	no data	worsening (20%); no change (56%); improvement (24%) postpartum deterioration: 60% of patients	no data	During pregnancy, the disease is stable in most cases. After birth, HS worsens in 60% of patients.