Table 3.
Intraoperative outcomes by cooling time
| Outcome | First quartile: 5-13 min (n = 593) | Second quartile: 14-18 min (n = 601) | Third quartile: 19-23 min (n = 471) | Fourth quartile: 24-81 min (n = 506) | P value∗ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 60 (47-70) | 61 (50-71) | 61 (49-71) | 62 (50-70) | .714 |
| Body surface area (m2) | 1.99 (1.79-2.20) | 2.05 (1.83-2.27) | 2.06 (1.88-2.27) | 2.14 (1.96-2.34) | <.001 |
| Body mass index | 27.4 (23.7-31.7) | 27.9 (24.3-32.5) | 28.0 (25.1-32.8) | 28.7 (25.9-33.3) | .683 |
| Emergency (%) | 106 (17.9) | 138 (23.0) | 122 (25.9) | 137 (27.1) | <.001 |
| Warming time (min) | 69 (55-83) | 75 (60-90) | 80 (62-91) | 82 (67-100) | <.001 |
| Nadir nasopharyngeal temperature (° C) | 19.2 (17.5-21.4) | 17.8 (16.4-19.3) | 17.1 (15.8-18.7) | 16.7 (15.3-18.0) | <.001 |
| Circulatory arrest time (min) | 17 (11-28) | 22 (16-35) | 24 (17-38) | 26 (18-40) | <.001 |
| RCP time (min) | 17 (10-26) | 21 (15-33) | 23 (16-33) | 25 (17-38) | <.001 |
| Aortic crossclamp time (min) | 92 (70-122) | 90 (66-116) | 89 (65-114) | 89 (67-112) | .027 |
| Cardiopulmonary bypass time (min) | 139 (114-172) | 144 (119-182) | 149 (124-183) | 162 (135-193) | <.001 |
| Concomitant aortic valve/aortic root/coronary procedures | 277 (46.7) | 273 (45.4) | 197 (41.8) | 207 (40.9) | .163 |
Continuous variables are expressed as median (interquartile range), categorical variables are expressed as n (%).
∗
P values for categorical values and continuous variables were derived from the χ2 test and 1-way analysis of variance, respectively.