TCRV inhibits PEDV infection in Vero cells and IPEC cells. (A) Determination of the cytotoxicity of TCRV (28 µM, 56 µM, 85 µM, 112 µM, and 141 µM) by the CCK-8 assay. (B) Vero cells and IPEC cells were mock−infected or infected with PEDV (MOI = 0.5 and 2.5). The expressions of PEDV N protein were assessed using Western blotting after TCRV treatment (56 µM, 85 µM, and 112 µM). The results were presented as the ratio of the band intensities of the target protein to GAPDH. (C) The treatment of PEDV-infected cells with TCRV at concentrations of 56 µM, 85 µM, and 112 µM. Cells were processed for immunofluorescence using antibodies against PEDV N protein and DAPI staining. (D) Dose-response curve for PEDV N protein inhibition by TCRV using immunofluorescence assay.