Table 3.

The association between dietary CHOs, protein and fat and MetS and its components.

	MetS			Abnormal WC			Raised Triglycerides †			Low HDL-C †			Raised BP †			Elevated FBG †
	AOR	95%CI	p	AOR	95%CI	p	AOR	95%CI	p	AOR	95%CI	p	AOR	95%CI	p	AOR	95%CI	p
CHO_% E	1.001	0.998–1.004	0.650	1.008	0.984–1.032	0.517	1.001	0.995–1.004	0.612	1.011	0.985–1.038	0.403	0.994	0.970–1.019	0.639	1.000	0.998–1.002	0.738
Protein _% E	1.016	0.945–1.093	0.667	0.991	0.927–1.060	0.991	1.035	0.954–1.124	0.406	0.914	0.844–0.988	0.025	1.108	1.026–1.197	0.007	1.001	0.937–1.069	0.982
FAT_% E	1.005	0.973–1.038	0.763	0.991	0.964–1.020	0.542	1.027	0.989–1.066	0.168	0.996	0.966–1.027	0.792	1.000	0.972–1.030	0.977	1.024	0.995–1.053	0.106
SFA_% E	1.019	0.925–1.123	0.699	0.965	0.883–1.055	0.434	1.113	0.990–1.251	0.073	0.995	0.906–1.093	0.913	1.012	0.925–1.105	0.795	1.096	1.099–1.203	0.053
MUFA_% E	1.026	0.969–1.086	0.374	1.007	0.990–1.024	0.410	1.002	0.994–1.010	0.679	1.002	0.991–1.013	0.737	1.001	0.993–1.009	0.856	1.063	0.994–1.136	0.074
PUFA_% E	0.977	0.910–1.048	0.515	1.014	0.951–1.081	0.670	1.001	0.922–1.086	0.986	1.001	0.935–1.072	0.974	0.965	0.903–1.033	0.304	0.997	0.938–1.060	0.928

SFA—saturated fatty acid; HDL-C—high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; WC—waist circumference; BP—blood pressure; CHO—carbohydrate; MUFAs— monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFAs—polyunsaturated fatty acids. CHO, protein, fat, SFA, MUFA and PUFA were included as independent variables of interest. The MetS were defined using the IDF definition. Macronutrients and fatty acids were entered as a percentage of total energy intake. The results are presented as OR for the presence of the MetS, per change in the proportion of dietary energy. All models were adjusted for age, race, physical activity, marital status, level of education, smoking status, driving experience, total energy and alcohol intake. OR—odds ratios, 95%; CI—95% confidence intervals. † Also adjusted for BMI.