Skip to main content
. 2022 Nov 22;19(23):15452. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192315452

Table 7.

The association between dietary fatty acids and MetS and its components. The model was adjusted for total food energy and alcohol intake.

MetS Abnormal WC Raised Triglycerides Low HDL-C Raised BP Elevated FBG
OR 95%CI p OR 95%CI p OR 95%CI p OR 95%CI p OR 95%CI p OR 95%CI p
↑SFA_%E
↓MUFA_%E
0.956 0.886–1.032 0.252 0.936 0.867–1.011 0.094 0.971 0.891–1.057 0.492 1.015 0.944–1.091 0.694 1.098 0.831–0.992 0.033 1.018 0.946–1.094 0.639
↑SFA_%E
↓PUFA_%E
0.922 0.844–1.006 0.069 0.936 0.867–1.011 0.092 0.944 0.868–1.028 0.188 1.020 0.952–1.092 0.576 0.874 0.801–0.953 0.202 0.984 0.893–1.085 0.751
↑MUFA_%E
↓PUFA_%E
1.018 0.973–1.065 0.442 1.011 0.982–1.040 0.457 0.999 0.991–1.007 0.834 1.002 0.994–1.010 0.649 1.000 0.992–1.008 0.996 1.024 0.952–1.100 0.528
↑MUFA_%E
↓SFA_%E
1.010 0.988–1.031 0.383 1.005 0.992–1.018 0.438 0.999 0.991–1.007 0.751 1.002 0.994–1.010 0.613 0.998 0.990–1.007 0.656 1.023 0.968–1.081 0.423
↑PUFA_%E
↓SFA_%E
0.957 0.901–1.016 0.149 1.008 0.952–1.069 0.776 0.930 0.862–1.003 0.060 1.022 0.966–1.082 0.448 0.905 0.845–0.969 0.004 0.981 0.921–1.046 0.561
↑PUFA_%E
↓MUFA_%E
0.978 0.917–1.042 0.485 1.035 0.971–1.103 0.293 0.939 0.866–1.018 0.127 1.019 0.958–1.084 0.548 0.934 0.868–1.006 0.072 0.989 0.930–1.051 0.717

%E—percentage energy; MetS—metabolic syndrome; WC—waist circumference; HDL-C—high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG—fasting blood glucose; BP, blood pressure; SFA—saturated fatty acid; MUFA—monounsaturated fatty acid; PUFA—polyunsaturated fatty acid. MUFA, PUFA and SFA intake were included as either the variable of interest (↑); were excluded from the model, when the fatty acid was substituted for (↓); or were adjusted for as a covariate. The MetS was defined using the IDF definition. Fatty acids were entered as percentage of total energy intake. The results are presented as OR for the presence of the MetS per change in the proportion of dietary energy. All models were adjusted for total energy and alcohol intake.