| a-MSH | a-melanocyte-stimulating hormone |
| MC1R | melanocortin 1 receptor |
| CREB | cAMP response element-binding protein |
| Tyrp-1 | tyrosinase-related protein 1 |
| MITF | microphthalmia-associated transcription factor |
| MAPL | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| F&M | Fontana-Masson |
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