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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
(a,b) High-resolution STM images from Process Ⅰ indicating disordered surface structures at this stage. Here, the scanning bias voltage and current are equal to 1 V and 0.1 nm, respectively.