Table 1.
Common Drugs and their Molecular Target.
| Drugs | Molecular Target |
|---|---|
| Voltage-gated ion channels | |
| Phenytoin, fosphenytoin, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, eslicarbazepine acetate, lamotrigine, lacosamide; possibly topiramate, zonisamide, rufinamide | Voltage-gated sodium channels |
| Ethosuximide | Voltage-gated calcium channels (T-type) |
| Ezogabine | Voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv7) |
| GABA inhibition | |
| Phenobarbital, primidone, benzodiazepines, including diazepam, lorazepam, and clonazepam; possibly topiramate, felbamate, ezogabine | GABAA receptors |
| Tiagabine | GAT1 GABA transporter |
| Vigabatrin | GABA transaminase |
| Levetiracetam | SV2A |
| Gabapentin, gabapentin enacarbil, pregabalin | α2δ |
| Ionotropic glutamate receptors | |
| Perampanel | AMPA receptor |
| Valproate, felbamate, topiramate, zonisamide, rufinamide, adrenocorticotrophin | Mixed/unknown |