Table 1.
Antiviral effects of metabolic inhibitors.
| Metabolic Drug | Target Enzyme | Virus | Model/Cell System | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| STF-31 | GLUT1 | EBV | kills NPC cells in vitro | [175] | |
| 2-deoxy-D-Glucose | Hexokinase, PI3K/Akt | HTLV-1 | PBMCs | suppresses viral transcription | [214] |
| HBV | Huh7 | suppresses viral protein production (HBV delivered with adenovirus) | [312] | ||
| oxamate | LDHA | KSHV | TIME | decreases virion production | [287] |
| dichloroacetate | PDK | HCV | Huh7.5 | decreases viral replication | [264] |
| rapamycine | mTOR | EBV | cell type dependent | induces of lytic cycle | [181] |
| CB-839/BPTES | Glutaminase | HCV | Huh7.5 | inhibits replication and infection establishment | [261] |
| KSHV | TIME | decreases virion production | [287] | ||
| difluoromethylornithine | ornithine decarboxylase 1 | KSHV | TIME/BCBL-1 | decreases virion production | [302] |
| N1-guanyl-1,7-diaminoheptane (GC7) | deoxyhypusine synthase | KSHV | TIME/BCBL-1 | decreases virion production | [302] |
| cerulenin | FASN | HCV | Huh7 | decreases viral replication | [313] |
| C75 | FASN | HCV | Huh7 | decreases virion production | [270] |
| GSK1995010 | FASN | HBV | HepG2.2.15.7 | decreases viral replication | [243] |
| 4-(1-(5-(2-cyclopropyl-4-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)- 2,4-dimethylbenzoyl)-3-fluoroazetidin-3- yl)benzonitrile | FASN | HBV | HepG2NTCP | inhibits HBs secretion | [244] |
| LCQ908/pradigastat | diacylglycerol O acyltransferase 1 | HCV | clinical phase trial/Huh7.5 | inhibits replication in vitro but not in vivo | [274] |
| BMS-200150/BMS-20101038 | microsomal transfer protein | HCV | Huh7.5 | decreases virion release | [275,276] |
| 3J [314] | Stearoyl-CoA desaturase | HCV | Huh7.5 | decreases viral replication and assembly | [277] |
| 25-hydroxycholesterol | SREBP | HCV | Huh7 | decreases viral replication | [313] |
| 5-tetradecyloxy-2-furoic acid (TOFA) | acetyl-coA carboxylase | KSHV | TIME | decreases virion production | [287] |
| CP640186 | acetyl-coA carboxylase | HBV | HepG2.2.15.7 | decreases viral replication | [243] |
| 2-(1-((R)-2-(((1s,4S)-4-hydroxycyclohexyl)oxy)-2- (2-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)-5-methyl-6-(oxazol-2-yl)- 2,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3(2H)- yl)-2-methylpropanoic acid | acetyl-coA carboxylase | HBV | HepG2NTCP | inhibits HBs secretion | [244] |
| (R)-4-((diethylamino)methyl)-N-(2- methoxyphenethyl)-N-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)benzamide | subtilisin kexin isozyme-1/site-1 protease | HBV | HepG2NTCP | inhibits HBs secretion | [244] |