Table 3.
Potential tannins’ source for animal feeding reported with their scientific name, common name, part of the plant richest in tannins and tannins’ chemical profile. Vegetal industry co-products tannins source used for ruminants [49,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72].
| Scientific Name | Common Name | By-Product | Main Tannins |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cupressus lusitanica | Mexican cedar | steam distillation residues | condensed/hydrolizable |
| Cistus ladanife | labdanum | steam distillation residues | condensed/hydrolizable |
| Coffea arabica | coffee | pulp | condensed |
| P. Granatum | pomegranate | peels | condensed/hydrolizable |
| Vitis vinifera | red grape variety | pomace | condensed |
| Castanea sativa | chestnut | shells | condensed/hydrolizable |
| Camellia sinensis L. | tea | leaves | condensed/hydrolizable |
| Myrtus communis | common myrtle | leaves | condensed/hydrolizable |
| Endopleura uchi | yellow uxi | bark | condensed/hydrolizable |
| Picea abies | Norway spruce | bark | condensed |
| Picea abies | spruce | bark | condensed/hydrolizable |
| Eucalyptus globulus | blue gum | leaves | condensed/hydrolizable |
| Pinus taeda | loblolly pine | bark | condensed/hydrolizable |
| Persea americana | avocado | peel/pulp | condensed |
| Musa acuminata | banana | peel/seed/pulp | condensed |
| Psidium guajava | guava | peel/seed/pulp | condensed |
| heterophyllus artocarpus | jackfruit | peel/seed/pulp | condensed |
| Dimocarpus longan | longan | peel/seed/pulp | condensed |
| Mangifera indica | mango | peel/seed | condensed |
| Olra europae | olive | leaves | hydrolizable |
| Cynara cardunculus | artichoke | leaves | condensed |
| Citrus limon | lemon | pomace | condensed |
| Brassica napus | canola | pulp | condensed |