Figure 2.

Aβ-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs) from the AD brain or prepared in vitro show identical punctate binding to neuronal cell-surface proteins. Cultured hippocampal neurons were incubated with soluble extracts of the human brain or synthetic ADDLs. Binding was visualised by immunofluorescence microscopy by using an M93 antibody. Soluble AD-brain proteins (A), soluble control-brain proteins (B), synthetic ADDLs (C), and synthetic ADDLs (D) pretreated (1 h) with an oligomer-selective antibody M71 are shown. Small puncta, typically <1 μm, and largely distributed along neurites, are evident for AD extracts and synthetic ADDLs, but not for control extracts or antibody-pretreated ADDLs. (Bar, 10 μm). The figure is reprinted from [15].