| ALP | Alkaline phosphatase. |
| ARS | Alizarin Red S. |
| BMP2 | Bone morphogenetic protein 2. |
| β-GP | β-glycerophosphate. |
| L-AA | L-ascorbic acid. |
| LC3 | Microtubule associated protein light chain 3. |
| MAPKs | Mitogen-activated protein kinases. |
| MLKL | Mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase. |
| MMP | Matrix metalloproteinase. |
| MSCs | Mesenchymal stem cells. |
| MTT | 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide. |
| OS | Osteogenic supplement medium. |
| RIP | Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinas. |
| RUNX2 | Runt-related transcription factor 2. |
| TriFs | Trifloroside. |