Table 4.
Difficulties in the use of pain-relief techniques according to the interviewed midwives in relation to their seniority.
| Difficulties in Application of Pain-Relief Techniques | Seniority | p-Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–5 years | 6–10 years | 11–20 years | ≥20 years | ||
| disagreement on the part of colleagues | 38 (79.2%) |
17 (73.9%) |
19 (73.1%) |
17 (44.7%) |
0.0053 ** |
| disapproval of the head nurse or the head of the department | 38 (79.2%) |
14 (60.9%) |
13 (50.0%) |
14 (36.8%) |
0.0009 *** |
| lack of equipment, materials, and employees | 30 (62.5%) |
13 (56.5%) |
8 (30.8%) |
14 (36.8%) |
0.0213 * |
| insufficient knowledge of the midwife | 25 (52.1%) |
10 (43.5%) |
14 (53.8%) |
12 (31.6%) |
0.2055 |
| lack of abilities | 28 (58.3%) |
9 (39.1%) |
6 (23.1%) |
10 (26.3%) |
0.0050 ** |
| concerns on the part of the woman giving birth | 15 (31.3%) |
11 (47.8%) |
6 (23.1%) |
14 (36.8%) |
0.3035 |
| lack of time | 16 (33.3%) |
8 (34.8%) |
7 (26.9%) |
14 (36.8%) |
0.8701 |
| The role of the accompanying person in the course of childbirth | seniority (rS = −0.19; p = 0.0277 *) | together | |||
| 0–5 years | 6–10 years | 11–20 years | ≥20 years | ||
| Low | 2 (4.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (3.8%) | 6 (15.8%) | 9 |
| average | 7 (14.6%) | 4 (17.4%) | 7 (26.9%) | 11 (28.9%) | 29 |
| Big | 23 (47.9%) | 5 (21.7%) | 11 (42.3%) | 11 (28.9%) | 50 |
| very big | 16 (33.3%) | 14 (60.9%) | 7 (26.9%) | 10 (26.3%) | 47 |
| together | 48 | 23 | 26 | 38 | 135 |
| Factors increasing the role of non-pharmacological factors in pain-relief measures | seniority | p-value | |||
| 0–5 years | 6–10 years | 11–20 years | ≥20 years | ||
| organization of workshops and courses | 46 (95.8%) |
22 (95.7%) |
21 (80.8%) |
29 (76.3%) |
0.0203 * |
| improving the equipment of delivery rooms | 37 (77.1%) |
17 (73.9%) |
10 (38.5%) |
19 (50.0%) |
0.0024 ** |
| establishing better cooperation with the woman in labor | 29 (60.4%) |
11 (47.8%) |
16 (61.5%) |
21 (55.3%) |
0.7330 |
| increasing the number of staff | 23 (47.9%) |
13 (56.5%) |
14 (53.8%) |
21 (55.3%) |
0.8759 |
| better cooperation with the accompanying person | 14 (29.2%) |
6 (26.1%) |
6 (23.1%) |
7 (18.4%) |
0.7088 |
| team cooperation (especially with doctors) | 3 (6.3%) |
1 (4.3%) |
0 (0.0%) |
1 (2.6%) |
0.5679 |
The p < 0.05 level was assumed as a statistically significant relationship (*); p < 0.01 is a highly significant relationship (**); p < 0.001 is a very highly statistically significant relationship (***).