Table 1.
Baseline characteristics according to different alcohol-consumption trajectory classes.
| Variables | Overall (N = 5298) |
Non-Drinker (N = 2238) | Light Drinker (N = 1712) | Moderate Drinker (N = 1169) | Heavy Drinker (N = 179) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age (years) | 62.6 ± 12.7 | 64.1 ± 13.0 | 62.4 ± 13.0 | 60.1 ± 11.4 | 63.3 ± 9.8 | <0.001 |
| Male, (n%) | 2564 (48.4) | 277 (12.4) | 994 (58.1) | 1115 (95.4) | 178 (99.4) | <0.001 |
| Married, n (%) | 4310 (81.4) | 1695 (75.7) | 1399 (81.7) | 1055 (90.3) | 161 (89.9) | <0.001 |
| Urban, n (%) | 1396 (26.4) | 550 (24.6) | 488 (28.5) | 321 (27.5) | 37 (20.7) | 0.010 |
| Education | ||||||
| Less than high school, n (%) | 4369 (82.5) | 1942 (86.8) | 1383 (80.8) | 899 (76.9) | 145 (81.0) | <0.001 |
| High school or equivalent, n (%) | 782 (14.8) | 259 (11.6) | 270 (15.8) | 223 (19.1) | 30 (16.8) | |
| College or above, n (%) | 147 (2.8) | 37 (1.7) | s59 (3.5) | 47 (4.0) | 4 (2.2) | |
| Physical examination * | ||||||
| Mean SBP (mmHg) | 121.9 ± 13.3 | 121.7 ± 14.2 | 121.4 ± 13.2 | 122.7 ± 11.8 | 125.2 ± 12.6 | <0.001 |
| Mean DBP (mmHg) | 78.3 ± 7.5 | 77.4 ± 7.6 | 78.0 ± 7.4 | 79.8 ± 7.2 | 80.4 ± 7.8 | <0.001 |
| Mean PP (mmHg) | 43.7 ± 8.7 | 44.3 ± 9.4 | 43.4 ± 8.6 | 42.9 ± 7.5 | 44.8 ± 8.5 | <0.001 |
| Mean BMI (kg/m2) † | 22.5 (20.7–24.5) | 22.5 (20.7–24.8) | 22.4 (20.8–24.4) | 22.4 (20.8–24.5) | 21.9 (20.6–23.3) | 0.047 |
| Mean waist circumference (cm) † | 79.3 (74.3–85.0) | 78.7 (73.4–84.4) | 79.3 (74.5–85.2) | 80.5 (75.5–86.3) | 79.8 (75.1–84.8) | <0.001 |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Never, n (%) | 2800 (84.9) | 1900 (84.9) | 767 (44.8) | 121 (10.4) | 12 (6.7) | <0.001 |
| Former, n (%) | 459 (8.7) | 82 (3.7) | 204 (11.9) | 146 (12.5) | 27 (15.1) | |
| Current, n (%) | 2039 (38.5) | 256 (11.4) | 741 (43.3) | 902 (77.2) | 140 (78.2) | |
| Alcohol consumption * | ||||||
| Mean alcohol consumption unit † | 0.75 (0–8.8) | 0 | 2.2 (0.8–4.9) | 17.2 (11.5–25.6) | 51.8 (42.7–61.3) | <0.001 |
| Self-reported comorbidities | ||||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1284 (24.2) | 581 (26.0) | 378 (22.1) | 282 (24.1) | 43 (24.0) | 0.047 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 301 (5.7) | 147 (6.6) | 102 (6.0) | 46 (3.9) | 6 (3.4) | 0.007 |
| Myocardial infraction, n (%) | 124 (2.3) | 53 (2.4) | 50 (2.9) | 17 (1.5) | 4 (2.2) | 0.077 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 182 (3.4) | 71 (3.2) | 69 (4.0) | 39 (3.3) | 3 (1.7) | 0.262 |
| Malignant tumor, n (%) | 40 (0.8) | 14 (0.6) | 16 (0.9) | 8 (0.7) | 2 (1.1) | 0.543 |
* Mean values were calculated using data from 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2009, 2011, and 2015. † Presented as median (interquartile range).