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. 2022 Nov 29;19(23):15893. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192315893

Table 3.

Certainty of evidence assessment.

No. of Studies Study Design Risk of Bias Inconsistency Indirectness Impercision Certainty
Pain (assessed with: VAS)
5 randomised trials Not Serious Serious Serious Serious ⨁◯◯◯
Very low
Edema (assessed with: tailor’s tape)
5 randomised trials Not Serious Serious Serious Serious ⨁◯◯◯
Very low
Range of motion—ROM (assessed with: goniometer)
6 randomised trials Serious Serious Serious Serious ⨁◯◯◯
Very low
Knee function (assessed with: Lysholm test/WOMAC/Tegner scale/KOOS)
8 randomised trials Serious Serious Serious Serious ⨁◯◯◯
Very low
Strength of flexors (assessed with: Dynamometer/force transducer)
3 randomised trials Serious Not Serious Serious Serious ⨁◯◯◯
Very low
Strength of extensors (assessed with: Dynamometer/force transducer)
6 randomised trials Serious Serious Serious Serious ⨁◯◯◯
Very low
Pain (assessed with: VAS)
1 nRCT Serious Serious Serious Serious ⨁◯◯◯
Very low