Table 1.

The most important chemical ingredients of Paeonia × suffruticosa.

Group of Compounds	Compounds	References
Terpenoid compounds	Monoterpenenoids deoxypaeonisuffrone, isopaeonisuffral, 6-methoxy-paeoniflorigenone, 3-O–methylpaeonisuffral, paeonifloringenone, paeoniflorin A, paeonisothujone, paeonisuffral, paeonisuffrone, (-)-paeonisuffrone Monoterpenenoid glycosides: benzoylpaeoniflorin, α-benzoyloxypaeoniflorin, β-benzoyloxypaeoniflorin, 8-O-benzoylpaeonidanin, 9-O-butyloxypaeonidanin, 4-O-butyloxypaeoniflorin, 9-O-butylpaeonidanin, 4-O-butylpaeoniflorin, 8-O-debenzoylpaeoniflorin, galloyloxypaeoniflorin, galloylpaeoniflorin, p-hydroxylbenzoylpaeonidanin, 4-methylbenzoyloxypaeoniflorin, 4-methylgalloyloxypaeoniflorin, 4-methylmoudanpioside C, 4-methyloxypaeoniflorin, 4-methylsuffrupaeoniflorin B, 4-O-methylpaeoniflorin, 4-O-methylbenzoylpaeoniflorin, mudanpioside A-J, oxypaeonidanin, 9-epi- oxypaeonidanin, oxypaeoniflorin sulfonate, paeonidanin A and C, paeoniflorin, paeoniflorin B, paeoniflorin-4-ethyl ether, paeoniside A and B, suffrupaeonidanin A-F, suffrupaeoniflorin A and B, suffruyabiosides A and B, 6-O-vanillyoxypaeoniflorin Triterpenoids: betulinic acid, mudanpinoic acid A, oleanolic acid, palbinone, ursolic acid	[6,27,28,29,30,31,32]
Triterpenoid saponins	hederagenin, 30-norhederagenin	[6]
Acetophenons	2,3-dihydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone, gallacetophenone, p-hydroxyacetophenone, 3-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone, reacetophenone	[33]
Phenols and their derivatives	apiopaeonoside, galusan metylu, iriflophenone 2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, methyl 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate, mudanoside C, paeonol, paeonolide, paeoniside, phenol, suffruticosides A–E	[6,33]
Flavonoids	apigenin 7-O-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin 3,7-di-O-glucoside, quercetin, kaempferol, kaempferol 3,7-di-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-galloylglucoside	[6,32]
Phenolic and cyclohexanecarboxylic acids	gallic acid, galloylquinic acid, trans-caffeic acid stearyl ester, quinic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid	[32]
Resveratrol oligomers	suffruticosol A, suffruticosol B, suffruticosol C, trans-gnetin H, trans-suffruticosol D, trans-ε-viniferin	[63]
Catechins	catechin, (+)-catechin-7-O-glucopyranoside, dimeric proanthocyanidin epicatechin-(4β-8)-catechin, epicatechin-3-O-gallate, flavan-3-ols catechin, epigallocatechin gallate	[104]
Sterols	campesterol, daucosterol, β-sitosterol	[6,31]
Polysaccharides	polisacharyd-2b	[34]
Others	adenosine, ainsliaside E, 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose, paesuffrioside, trigalloilo-glucose, thymidine, 1-tryptophan, uridine	[30]